The Greek noun “ἱεράτευμα”

Limited to 1 Pet. 2:5, 9, the Greek noun “hierateuma” means “priesthood.”  Peter affirmed every Christian is a priest and thus a member of the priesthood.

The Greek noun “ἱερατεία”

Limited to Lk. 1:9 and Heb. 7:5, the Greek noun “hierateia” means “priesthood” or “priestly office.”  The Dictionary of New Testament Theology (2:233) says this term “means priestly activity, the office.”  Stated another way, this word describes the actual work performed by the Old Testament priests.

Ἰεζαβήλ

Limited to Rev. 2:20, “Jezebel” was the wicked wife of King Ahab.  John said there was a “Jezebel” at the congregation in Thyatira who seduced Christians.  This woman was a false prophetess who represents evil and false religion.

The Greek noun “ἱδρώς”

Limited to Lk. 22:44, but not found in all our manuscripts because Lk. 22:43-44 is not in all our manuscripts, the Greek noun “idros” meant “perspiration” or “sweat.”  Something like bloody sweat showed the intensity of Jesus’ agony.

The Greek noun “ἰδιώτης”

Limited to Acts 4:13; 1 Cor. 14:16, 23-24; 2 Cor. 11:6, the Greek noun “idiotes” meant “unskilled,” “unlearned,” “amateur.”  Spicq (2:213) said this term “refers to anyone who has no  training or specialty, and therefore is contrasted with experts and professionals.”  Aside from Acts 4:13 where this adjective describes rulers and legal experts, this term is always used by Paul.  This apostle said he was “unskilled” in speech (2 Cor. 11:6).  In 1 Cor. 14, this word describes those “present in the Corinthian congregation but whom Paul apparently distinguished from the regular members of the church” (Silva, 2:501).  This word does not in any way support the clergy-laity system found in the denominational world.

The Greek adjective “ἴδιος”

Found more than a hundred times in the New Testament, the Greek adjective “idios” meant “private” or “one’s own” as belonging to an individual.

Spicq (2:205) said whether “used as adjective, noun, or adverb, this term means ‘peculiar to, particular, private,’ but its sense is weakened in the Koine, where it is usually equivalent to a possessive.  It is used with respect to things as well as persons to express who they belong to.”

This term first occurs in Mt. 9:1 and it last used in Jude 6.  Peter used this adjective to say Scripture is not of “private” interpretation (2 Pet. 1:20).